These are the pages where I wrote out the initial grammar of toma heylm. Copied into online form 4/24/2002. First written in small spiralbound notebook sometime in 87-88 or 88-89, probably summer of 88. Each word and particle was originally written in both latin and cyrillic forms, which differ slightly in pronunciation. The cyrillic forms were quickly abandoned.

Page 1:

"toma heylm" to see - tisanal pronouns: eff fhi (me + you) hel (me + them) lo lhi sem, syim sheym (those 2) elyi (all them) conjugation: sem tisanyik syim tisanot fhi, hel, lhi, sheym, elyi tisandre "bin" seta "go" delye "stay" dava accusative pronouns: lifa rhi myol lyem astye seli

I saw her: Eff seta tisanot astye. She sees me: Syim tisanot lifa. They will see you: Elyi delye tisandre myol.

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Should: delye mi If (would): tye ... delye to go: dimitet dimityok dimitil dimitrai to read: heldet book: nom. mind acc. mindet of gen. mindyi to dat. amind with instr. omind in, at loc. yumind by (from) caus. himind house: ilame ilamet ilameyi ayilame oyilame uyilame iyilame

You should see us: Lhi delye mi tisandre rhi. If we would see you: Tye hel delye tisandre myol. He is going: Sem dava dimityok.

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Reflexive pronouns (myself etc.) such as I see myself, efel tisanot. efel fine, helye lor lis ise, isit shye, lel to help: leftet Pronouns, gen (possessive) efim fyim, heylm ilom lyim semi, simil shemi, elyim Pron., dat. tef tyel tilo tilyi tise tishye "ablative" Pron. o, yu, hi hayef heli helo hili hesem heym

Fine dava leftrai: We are helping each other. Avel tisanyik isit. Avel sees himself.

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Plural nouns nes ___ two tam ___ more (syin ___ one, the) 0 telb * 1 syin + 2 nes x 3 dolv I 4 rye o 5 syidan +* 6 syinte ++ 7 nestye +x 8 dolva +I 9 reye +o 10 nestan x* 15 dolvan I* 20 rian o* 25 yets +** 50 nesyet x** 75 dolvyet I** 100 riet o** 125 syidanet +*** 150 syintet ++** 175 nestayet +x** 200 dolvayet +I** 225 rayet +o** 250 nestanyet x***

Eff dava heldil nes mindet - I am reading two books I am reading more than two books: Eff dava heldil tam mindet. I am reading a book: Eff dava heldil mindet. I am reading the book: Eff dava heldil syin mindet.

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375 dolvanyet I*** 500 rianyet o*** 625 yetset +**** 390,625 lesyet +******** 152,587,890,625 tesyet +**************** Adjectives: (comparative) good linel better linvie best linon more tamvie most tamyon Adverbs: well liya better liyev best liyen tamyev tamyen to do schoolwork: mertet Math: talyek class: dorom Math (adj. noncompar.) talyekeli

tam tesyet! Zillions Eff delye mi mertil liyev. Eff delye mertil. I should work in Math class: Eff delye mi mertil yudorom talyekeli.

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snow - lemye to precipitate: teylet to wish: limal to hope: testyal in tyem at myel for rae that: sil to like: etral to love: inashal to tell: ehimtet to sing: marnet love: shaleme (m) as: ahol (link) bird: tirenan (f) star: tembri not: lek (also -less) Can (could): Mere ___ delye with: terem all: tamre emotion: seret ey: linking (to be) secret: hemitel song: renen about: son

Eff testyot sil teylil rae yuKrismas. Eff etrot lemyet. A xxxx efim, Tye eff delye ehimtil tilo... Tye eff delye marnil shalemet, Ahol tirenan dava marnil, Tam tembri delye marnrai hihayef! Merelek eff delye ehimtil, Sil eff inashot myol. Merelek eff delye marnil. Shaleme efim ey hemitel.

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lang: toma Tam tirenan tamre dava marnrai. Lemye dava ksentril. Ahol eff seta dava dolil rae uyiloma, eff seta rantot tam tirenan simeli. Eff seta tisanot tarentet ahol tam peltai delye tam lielo, ahol syin peltem delye lilad, ahol tetreli dampe delye rae hihayef. Syim ey talke. Rale seta tremil rinlat mel trengeyi. ksentret - to melt dolet - to come iloma - a home rantal - to hear simeli - alone tarent - environment (f) peltai - driveway lielo - stream peltem - road lilad - a river tetreli - wide dampe - world (m)

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talke - a thing of nature rale - air (f) tremet - to hold rinla - sense, essence mel - of trenge - life lir - and somya - today descalal - to discover latet - to date ranya - of course yaseli - jealous paramal - to promise erenal - to interfere tenual - to last eteya - forever what if - tye ki ... delye ke - no seretsel - heart kakenet - break aren - to kir - as (prep)

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tereya - yesterday dalet - to think dradet - to overreact reteli - right kennal - to know liftal - to gloat treret - to refer nelya - pointedly latse - boyfriend tinid - time penatet - to kill purya - purposefully tandal - to make (cause) ageli - miserable kre - why era - by elaia - Founder caught - karadeli bubble - pelop exit - andera to look - ekaret out (noun) - ilim

somya ekayat seta karepil, pia kilya tereya seta karepil. tam herim seta karepil relal. rale ey mineli terem ofilim; sem ey talkeli.

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latiel - L___ semohan - sister semohan yuseretsel - latiel la - on elek - tongue makela - computer changing acc. to -u, -yu eli, elis for fem elle - or anlet - to pine oriya - soon f'ren'l - eff prenil - I ask (please) prenet - to ask (request) hiya - now leheli(s) - happy tamya - much (tamyev, tamyen) tylk - M___

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Last updated: 4/24/2002