is0'i Temporal noun. Marks past tense. Literally, "in the past"; but it can refer to something as recent as the English "just now". Whether or not to directly translate this word is up to the discretion of the translator. [CAVEAT: temporal nouns / tense markers in Ebisedian are usually not used except to establish the timeframe within which the text happens. Ebisedian verbs are not inflected for tense; but that does NOT mean sentences without tense markers are necessarily in the present time. Rather, the tense depends on the context established by a previous temporal marker.] ebi' 1st person masculine singular pronoun, "I". le's Verb, "to go". Note that the *conveyant* case is used for the person or thing undergoing the motion; the originative/receptive nouns indicate source and destination of this motion. ni Particle introducing a subordinate clause. See the relevant section in the concise grammar (and/or relevant sections of other documents). jumi' Intimate pronoun. See section on pronouns in concise grammar. di Subordinate clause terminator. See section on subordinate clauses in grammar. juli'r "House". Ke 1st correlative particle for dichotomies. See section on correlatives in grammar. keve Conjunction, "and", "and so". _keve_ carries more of a forward thrust than the English "and"; it usually implies a cause-effect relationship between the conjoined sentences. fa't3 "To see". Note that the originative noun is the thing SEEN, and the SEER is in the receptive. ke'kh Verb, "to injure", "to hurt". Keep in mind that Ebisedian does not have active/passive, and is free to omit any unnecessary noun case "slots" in a sentence. Hence, the case of the noun(s) that *are* present is very important in determining whether the noun is the one inflicting the injury, or the one suffering from injury. bis33'di "Person"; masc. "man", fem. "woman", etc.. ve 2nd correlative particle for dichotomies. See section on correlatives. jhidi' Distant pronoun. See section on pronouns. ha~'i "Surprise", or "confusion". ti Particle introducing a subordinate passage. See section on subordinate passages. pa'li "To plead", "to request help". Request is in the originative; the request itself is in the conveyant, and the requestee is in the receptive. mil0'e "To help", "to assist", "to perform a chore". The helper is usually in the instrumental case; although the originative can be used to indicate an indirect source of help. The assistance rendered is in the conveyant case. The helpee may be in either the conveyant or the receptive. The latter case is most frequent; the former occurs when the helpee is directly involved in the helping action (e.g., the grandmother(cvy) was helped to cross the road). sili Reflexive particle. Think of it as an intra-sentence, short-term pronoun. It is inflected for two cases: the first case is the *referent* case, which matches the case of the noun in the sentence that it is referring to. The second case is the *functional* case, marking its case function in the sentence. For example: pii'z3d0 tww'ma s0lu. NM1O VPIP 2-1OU "Man speaks to-himself." timi Marks end of a subordinate passage. See section on subordinate passages. ke Correlative particle for trichotomies. See section on correlatives. ta'ma "To speak". Case functions are analogous to that for _pa'li_. 0so' Strong optative particle. See section on optatives. ce Correlative particle for trichotomies. See section on correlatives. zoke' "To follow" (physically). The follower is in the conveyant; the followee is in the receptive. The destination, if present, is also in the receptive. Context will have to determine which is which. re Correlative particle for trichotomies. See section on correlatives. icu'ro Preposition, "in", "inside", "within", "at". dini Contraction of _di_ and _ni_. See section on subordinate clauses. This compound particle is used mainly for attaching multiple modifier clauses to a single noun. jibeo- Suffix indicating an advanced stage of something. There are 5 degrees of completeness: (1) origin, the beginning of a process, or just before the beginning of a process; (2) the first stages of the process, (3) the intermediate stage or (approximate) mid-point of a process, and (4) the advanced stage, close to completion, and (5) completion. gumarai' "Pregnancy", "conception". miso'di "Spouse". va'ti "To realize", "to perceive", "to recognize". The inner registration of the significance of what one sees. Cognate with _fa't3_, "to see". gii'j3li "All the mess", "all the happenings", "all that tomfoolery", "the whole shbang", "chaos". This is a bit difficult to translate in English. The basic meaning of the word refers to any set of convoluted events or happenings that is inordinately complex, such as the stunts one has to do during an obstacle course. Derivatively, it refers to any overly-complex or chaotic happenings, and from thence, "noise", "trouble" (of the complex, mind-bending, heart-rending kind), "problems", "suffering", "annoyance", etc., etc.. Furthermore, _gii'j3li_ can also be used jocially, sarcastically, as an interjection of exasperation, or as a boast (as in, "I overcame all those messy challenges!). There are so many diverse and often divergent and contradictory ways _gii'j3li_ can be used that one can only translate it on an instance-by-instance basis, by examining its context and getting a feel for the tone of the passage surrounding it.